LL-37
aka Cathelicidin
Mechanism
LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide — a 37-amino-acid peptide (starting with two leucines) cleaved from the hCAP-18 precursor. It has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory roles, but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis, rosacea, and lupus. Not FDA-approved; research-use only.
Identification
| CAS number | 154947-66-7 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C205H340N60O53 |
| Sequence | LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES |
| Typical dose | 100–400 mcg/day subcutaneous |
| Half-life | ~4–6 hours (tissue-dependent; limited formal PK data for native LL-37) |
Vendors selling LL-37
| Vendor | Size | Price | Listed purity | Trust |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BioLongevity Labs | 5 mg | $94.97 | — | 96 |
| Orbitrex Peptides | 5 mg | $49.99 | — | 95 |
| Ion Peptide | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 95 |
| Peptide Tech | 10 mg | $49.99 | — | 94 |
| Mile High Compounds | — | $39.99 | — | 94 |
| Skye Peptides | 5 mg | $74.00 | — | 90 |
| Peptidology | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 89 |
| Peptide Plugs | 5 mg | $60.00 | — | 89 |
| Qihang Peptide | — | — | — | 87 |
| Verified Peptides | 5 mg | $65.70 | — | 86 |
| EZ Peptides | 10 mg | $78.00 | — | 85 |
| Simple Peptide | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 85 |
| Simple Peptide | 10 mg | $45.00 | — | 85 |
| Peptidegurus | 5 mg | — | — | 84 |
| Ascension Peptides | 10 mg | $89.00 | — | 83 |
| MedGe Peptides | 5 mg | $125.00 | — | 82 |
| Texpeptide | 5 mg | $40.00 | — | 69 |
| Qing Li Peptide | — | — | — | 63 |
| Certified Peptides | 5 mg | $89.00 | — | 61 |
| Peptiatlas | — | — | — | 51 |
| DongCheng Peptide | — | — | — | 46 |
| Mandy | 5 mg | $74.00 | — | 43 |
| HongDa Peptide | — | $109.00 | — | 43 |
| MJT peptides | 5 mg | $100.00 | — | 39 |
| Kimera Chems | — | $46.99 | — | — |
| AMC Essentials | 5 mg | $127.99 | — | — |
| AMC Essentials | 5 mg | $42.99 | — | — |
| Alpha Omega | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | — |
| Alpha Omega | 10 mg | $45.00 | — | — |
| Atomik Labz | 5 mg | $77.00 | — | — |
| Biotech Peptides | 5 mg | $86.00 | — | — |
| Core Peptides | 5 mg | $89.00 | — | — |
| Flawless Compounds | — | — | — | — |
| Genetic Peptide | 5 mg | $100.00 | — | — |
| Genetic Peptide | 10 mg | $100.00 | — | — |
| Modern Research Peptides | 5 mg | $37.99 | — | — |
| Oasis Labs | 10 mg | $65.00 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 10 mg | $85.00 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 5 mg | $106.25 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 5 mg | $75.00 | — | — |
| Peptide Crafters | 5 mg | $50.00 | — | — |
| Peptira | — | $39.00 | — | — |
| Platinum Lion | 10 mg | $39.99 | — | — |
| Platinum Lion | 5 mg | $39.99 | — | — |
| Polaris Peptides | 10 mg | $125.00 | — | — |
| Solution Peptides | 5 mg | $77.00 | — | — |
| Soma Peptides | 5 mg | $83.00 | — | — |
| Southern Aminos | 5 mg | $42.00 | — | — |
| True Peptide | 5 mg | $40.00 | — | — |
| realpeptides.co | — | $80.00 | — | — |
Research
Human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 is encoded by the CAMP gene and plays a key role in innate immunity. It maintains intestinal homeostasis through antibacterial, immunomodulation, and tissue repair functions.
source →BACKGROUND: During airway inflammation, chemokines, oxylipins (bioactive lipids) and cationic host defence peptides (CHDP) are enhanced in the lungs. However, the interplay of these molecules in the process of airway inflammation is not fully resolved.
source →Gingival recession exposes the roots, leads to dentin hypersensitivity, and heightens the progression of periodontitis, and poses a threat to oral health and appearance. Conventional treatment uses autogenous palatal grafts, requiring a second surgical site and adding patient discomfort.
source →Physiologically produced circulating β-amyloid (Aβ) exerts critical physiological functions. Although Aβ is a key player in Alzheimer's disease (AD), it may initially be beneficial at the onset of infection.
source →This study aimed to determine the serum levels of the LL-37 molecule, associated with the pathophysiology of Brucellosis, in patients diagnosed with Brucellosis and to investigate the relationship between these levels and the clinical course of the disease.
source →Abstract Birth control and sexually transmitted infections are global concerns. Nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is the most commonly used component in spermicides, with controversial safety and efficacy. LL-37 has been considered the most promising antimicrobial peptide for developing spermicides.
source →Cancer cell migration is a key step in the metastatic cascade. Understanding its mechanisms represents one of the greatest challenges in modern oncology. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental models and mathematical descriptions of movement dynamics are used to study this complex phenomenon.
source →Background Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by flushing, erythema, papules/pustules, and telangiectasia. Several clinical studies have investigated the efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) in the treatment of rosacea, but its mechanism of action remains unclear.
source →Background ApoB (apolipoprotein B)-containing lipoproteins are causal risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD).
source →Wound healing and tissue regeneration are essential for maintaining skin integrity in the face of mechanical, chemical, or thermal damage. In adult mammals, the wound healing process may include complications leading to chronic wounds and hypertrophic scars.
source →The double cooperative effect between two major antimicrobial peptides, LL-37 and HNP1, where their combination enhances antimicrobial efficiency while reducing cytotoxicity, offers a promising strategy for developing safer and more effective antibiotics against antimicrobial resistance.
source →Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Limosilactobacillus fermentum LF61 as a food supplement compared to a placebo in improving intestinal and immune functions in healthy adults.
source →This observational retrospective study aims to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status, physical activity levels, and periodontal health in adult patients.
source →Supplementation with vitamin D improves HIV+ macrophages phagocytosis in vitro. There is evidence to suggest that administering vitamin D can in fact improve immune function in individuals. The study will evaluate the impact of high dose vitamin D in HIV+ smokers' and HIV- smokers' in vivo.
source →The purpose of this study is to treat persistent MRSA carriers with vitamin D supplementation during a 12 month to see if the number of MRSA positive patients can be reduced.
source →Assess the influence of HP802-247 on biochemical and cellular markers of inflammation in chronic venous leg ulcers
source →The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of topical aminocaproic acid on the immune system by assessing the levels of antimicrobial peptides in the skin of patients with rosacea.
source →The aims of our study were 1) to evaluate levels of gingival crevicular fluid( GCF) human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 and serum vitamin D3 in smoker and non-smoker patients with chronic periodontitis(CP) 2) to determine whether any correlation between GCF LL-37 and vitamin D3 serum levels exist and 3) to asses the corre…
source →Vitamin D insufficiency is common in patients with cystic fibrosis.
source →